Melt blown technology is an important method for large-scale production of ultrafine fibers. The principle is that polymer materials are sprayed through a spinneret and further stretched under high temperature and high-speed airflow to form ultrafine fibers. The application of ultrafine fibers in melt blown nonwoven fabrics is unparalleled by other products produced using a single nonwoven technology. Various raw materials that can be continuously used for melt spraying, and the rapid development of melt spraying nonwoven technology has promoted the development of the melt spraying nonwoven industry.

Due to its small diameter, large specific surface area, and small pores in the fiber mesh, melt blown nonwoven products have excellent particle trapping, particle trapping, and insulation properties. It also has unusual capillary action and breathability (water and blood do not penetrate, while steam does). For this reason, this product is also widely used as filtering materials, thermal conductive materials, sanitary materials, and medical materials.

Melt blown nonwoven technology originated in the early 1950s. The US Navy Laboratory melts polyamide fibers into special spinnerets and extrudes them. At the same time, high-speed hot air is used to stretch the polymer melt into a fine stream to produce ultrafine polyamide fiber non-woven fabric jet spinning technology, entering the stage of industry university research cooperation and development.

According to priority country information, an analysis of the countries/regions where melt blown technology patents are located (Figure 2) shows that the United States accounts for 47% of all patents, occupying an absolute leading position. Japan ranks second, accounting for 22%. Melt blown fabrics, fibers with a diameter of less than 5 meters, are the prototype of modern melt blown nonwoven fabrics.

In the early 1990s, when the United States and Japan had a large number of patents, China began to apply for related patents. When melt blown technology entered the research boom, the number of patents in China began to grow rapidly. It can be seen that China is in a relatively backward position in melt blown technology, but in recent years, China's melt blown technology has also been rapidly developing.